Tuesday, October 16, 2007

Calcium carbide as rocket fuel?

Industrial grade calcium carbide (calcium acetylide) only contains about 80% of it. Not much, but...

Here comes the idea: CaC2 + 2(H2O) -> C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
CaC2 - 64.1g/mol, NH4NO3 - 80.04g/mol
NH4NO3 -> N2O + 2(H2O)

N2O and C2H2 is used in a safe flame for analytical spectrography, because it burns at 2300°C and has no tendency to explode, detonate, etc. (unlike etin mixture with oxygen that is.)

So I think mixtures with as much as 33% (molar %) CaC2 with AN are possible. I don't know IF the carbide will survive the 200°C of the slightly decomposing fertiliser or what will happen, what will be the mechanical properties... but I surely like this idea very much! The CaC2 itself melts only at 2300°C or so, so it will be a solid for all our considerations.


With 28.6% by weight carbide, 71.4% AN the mix would make: (only literally, not in reality)
CaC2 + 2(NH4NO3) -> 2CO + 2N2 + H2 + Ca(OH)2 . 2(H2O) + lots_of_heat

With molar mixing 1:3 the carbide is 21%, with mixing 1:4 it is 16.68%, with 1:5 13.8% carbide in AN.
The 1:5 molar mix: (13.8% CaC2)
CaC2 + 5(NH4NO3) -> 2(CO2) + Ca(OH)2 + 5(N2) + 9(H2O) + heat

so, anywhere between the 13.8% to the 28.6% would be reasonable for initial tests.

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